【首場義築小講堂|楊詩弘】

《義築的微小實踐與無限學習 -- 從南投羅羅谷到台北寶藏巖》

「在台灣，服務政府、財團、開發商、地主的建築專業人才總是多如過江之鯽，但這塊土地需要更多的，應該是以空間專業針對資源不均的現況環境提出看法、付出行動的人們，或是期待有這種信念，在學中的孩子們能親近鄉土、付出關懷。」--　楊詩弘

從2009年開始，義築行動於島嶼中心種下第一顆種子，隔年，楊詩弘老師帶領果核再生計畫團隊每年不間斷的完成了一個又一個偏鄉義築，至今已經邁入第六年，這當中不僅是建築的工法、設計、技術有所學習、實踐，某些時刻也讓我們想起 Alain de Botton在《幸福建築》一書裡所說的:「每一種建築樣式，都是一種對幸福的理解，除了幫我們遮風擋雨， 建築也邀請我們成為獨特的自己。 透過建築，我們看到理想的人生。我們所欣賞的建築，用各種方式展現我們所重視的人生價值。」，義築行動對於果核團隊的參與者的生命歷程一定也有所影響，因此，我們想邀請你在溫暖的三月初，一起來日式老房聽聽義築金城武分享果核義築的故事　smile 表情符號

講者 | 北科 深山部落 果核再生計畫 主持人 楊詩弘 老師
時間 | 2015 / 03 / 04 ( Wed.) 19:00-21:00
地點 | 臥龍二九藝文空間 ( 台北市大安區和平東路二段136巷29號，近捷運科技大樓站 )

＊本次活動免費，限額30名，欲參加者請填寫以下報名表單並準時出席，期待老師專欄的朋友更是千萬別錯過這次的近距離講堂唷！
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1RbpnH9SNmYTSyuuK3Ew4q_Sn_zBXGDdrfesue63eh0c/viewform

＊感謝北科大256建築生命週期規劃與管理研究室提供照片:)

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【義築海外連線專欄 | 史懷萱】

孟加拉 農村培訓小學(Hand-Made School, 2007)

農村培訓小學(Hand-Made School, 2007)
建築師：Anna Heringer, Eike Roswag
地點：孟加拉的魯德羅布爾村
案主： Dipshikha 鄉村發展協會
建築面積： 325 平方公尺
建築花費： 約為台幣71萬




今天要為大家介紹的是我非常喜歡的一個建築案。我欣賞它的原因在於德國建築師 Anna Heringer 嘗試打造社會、文化、經濟三方面皆永續的永續建築，其建構的方式和建築的精神和義築非常的切合。建築師Anna Heringer對孟加拉鄉土建築建築有了長期且深刻的研究了解，改進了當地建築技術，使用當地的人力物力，並藉由這所學校的興建，直接提供當地居民建築教育訓練，使當地的居民也有能力為自己建造品質良好的建築，也是一次將傳統建築現代化的嘗試。
德國出生的Anna Heringer在19歲時造訪了位於孟加拉北部、鄰近印度邊界的魯德羅布爾村莊(Rudrapur)，進行為期一年的志工活動，了解了當地鄉土建築之美也興起了Anna建造手工學校的想法，和這個小村莊結下了不解之緣。八年後，Anna募集了兩萬多美金，回到了這個擁有美麗稻田、手工紡織業豐富的魯德羅布爾村莊，為他當初服務的NGO組織興建農村培訓小學(METI, Modern Education and Trainig Institute) ，希望提供孩童適合當地農村發展的知識及職業教育。
建築師主要使用了簡單的兩種材料，泥土和竹子，為這兩層樓高的長方型建築營造出了兩種氛圍。一樓建築由泥牆砌成較為陰暗和封閉的空間，分隔出三間教室椅及和教室相連的三間洞窟，適合沉思及小組教學。二樓建築由竹子架構而成，形成寬敞明亮的開放空間，可以眺望周圍美麗的景色，適合聚會和體育活動。另外再搭上當地盛產的亮色織布作為裝飾，為這樸實的建築帶來一股明亮而有朝氣的感覺，非常適合當地單純卻又朝氣蓬勃的氛圍。

為了將改良後的傳統建築工法教授給當地的居民，Anna邀請當地的居民和孩童一起和來自奧地利及德國的建築同仁及工匠一同建造這所農村培訓小學。就傳統工法來說，最主要的改進為將容易受潮的泥牆底部抬高，建造由水泥覆蓋的紅磚基底和防潮層的設置，以及在泥牆中混入稻草，改善防潮問題和增強建築耐用度。而此傳統工法的建造過程也很特別，在運用當地盛產的紅磚砌成基底後，工匠會層層堆上由水牛踩踏混製而成的稻草泥團，每次層高約65公分，待放至三至五天後，再將牆面削平。二樓竹構部分則是由歐美木材框架工法改良而成的竹框架系統，由3管竹並排成直撐和斜撐，屋頂椽用4管，並用改良的傳統尼龍繩工法加鐵件固定。二樓樓板使用預編竹排、泥土和竹條堆疊而成。整個建構的過程大部分都是使用簡單的人力物力，如用牛車搬運竹子、人力搬運稻草。唯一會消耗化石燃料的是在從三公里外運送泥土過來時，其他就是使用電池驅動的電動工具了。

最由我佩服的是可以由圖片中看出德國對建築細部的一絲不苟，諸如泥牆的牆面、竹牆的編製和泥牆和竹牆的交接處，都建造的非常乾淨和整齊，不不會因為是泥巴建成而有髒髒亂亂的感覺。今天的介紹到此，有興趣的人可以上網搜尋看看更多她的作品呦。

Hand-Made School, 2007
Architects: Anna Heringer, Eike Roswag
Location: Client: Dipshikha Society for Village Development
Built Area: 325 m²
Cost: US$ 22’835

At the age of 19, Anna Heringer, a girl from South Germany, joined NGO Dipshikha in Bangladesh as a volunteer for one year. During the time in Bangladesh, she learned how the vernacular architecture uses local materials to adapt to the hot summer and mild winter and explored possible sustainable development methods.
Eight years later, Anna Heringer raised enough money and went back to Rudrapur, a countryside of Bangladesh with beautiful verdant rice fields, to fulfill her idea of sustainable design through the METI (Modern Education and Training Institute) School project. With the construction of the building, the school can not only provide the local children a place to learn general knowledge and working skills, but also invite children to join the building process to learn advanced building skills.
The building consists of two materials to representing two atmospheres. The first story is mud rooms for nesting and contemplation, consisting of three classrooms with caves. Children can study in small groups in caves. The second story is a light and open space constructed with bamboo. With great view to surroundings, children and teacher can hold big activities or physical activities in the bright room.
To pass on the advanced historic building technique and achieve the idea of “help for self-help”, Anna collaborated with her architecture colleagues and volunteers and tradesmen from local and western countries.

The most important technical progress of the METI school project is the introduction of a damp course, a brick foundation and a mixing of loam with straw, providing the building damp-proof ability and reinforcing the building wall. The construction started with a 50 cm deep local-manufactured brick foundation covered with cement plaster. Additional with locally available double laying PE-film, the local earthen building skills are improved with damp proof course, preventing moisture from the ground. The first story is the straw-reinforced mud wall placed on the foundation. The mud wall was manufactured with the help of cows and buffalo. Each time they applied 65cm mud layer then leveled after few days. The second story is a demonstration of the potential of bamboo construction. Adapted from European timber-frame constructions, the walls and roof are diagonally and vertically framed by bunch of joined bamboo sticks. The top of the roof is covered with corrugated galvanized iron. The first floor ceiling is a layering of bamboo sticks, bamboo boards and earth.

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參考書目 |
Anna Heringer | Architecture: Vision. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.anna-heringer.com/
Handmade School / Anna Heringer & Eike Roswag. (2010, March 4). Retrieved from  http://www.archdaily.com/…/handmade-school-anna-heringer-e…/
Lim, J. (2007). On site review report, hand-made school. Bangladesh: Award Cycle.
METI school handmade in Bangladesch. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.meti-school.de/daten/bericht_baubeginn_2_e.htm
Santos, L. M. (2010), A Arquitetura no Desenvolvimento Sustentável - Proposta para Comunidades Rurais de Países em Desenvolvimento, Dissertação de Mestreado. Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia Universidade de Coimbra.
School in Rudrapur | Archnet. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://archnet.org/sites/6304


海外連線專欄作者介紹 |
史懷萱 Huai-Hsuan Shih
台灣義築協會會員，目前正在Washington University in St. Louis就讀建築，喜歡北歐也超級佩服那些充滿大愛的建築師。

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【義築海外連線專欄| 黃致禎 】

鏡頭下的社區營造:法國攝影師Camille Cier的D-3系列作品介紹

我一向認為台灣義築協會的任務在於帶動社區的自我發展，因此以這樣人道建築組織的工作而言，對於"人"的了解應該是一項重要的工作。

Camille Cier是一個法國的攝影藝術家，她對於人與人之間的關係有著獨特的見解。在她的作品中可以發現她喜歡拍攝廢墟，廢墟中曾經美麗的精細材質、背後的歷史故事都有一番吸引人的魅力，同時她也深深著迷於廢墟創作的自由性。這次在巴黎的展覽，呈現她所看到的社區中小人物的力量。

當Camille Cier在美國旅遊時正值人生的低潮期，因此她對於底特律必須從破產的困難中重新振作的處境感同身受。這個位於密西根州的城市於2013年申請破產，但Camille所看到的底特律，卻是人民自動自發捍衛、改善生活的動力。熱愛拳擊的她找到了一間社區裡的拳擊館，身為教練的Khali其實是前黑道大哥，當他出獄時，決定要把拳擊轉變成一個健康的活動，讓年輕孩子們在課餘有一個發洩精力的場所，遠離黑道、遠離重蹈覆轍的未來。這樣的一個想法獲得很多中小企業的支持，因此拳擊館得以提供免費的服務。目前館內有80名學員，還有更多的學童在候補名單上。Khali同樣也邀請父母一同參與他們的課程，重新建立社區裡的家庭力量。

© Camille Cier

對Camille來說，底特律這股由小人物發起修復城市的凝聚力帶給她很大的感動，在她的創作中，一張一張血脈噴張的肉體其實都是年輕的孩子們，因為最適合開始學習拳擊的年齡是5歲。她邀請她的爸爸以手術的手法"縫合"照片中的肉體，彷彿她自己、彷彿這座城市在經歷困境後，用拳擊這項看似暴力、其實內含人與人之間像跳舞般協調的互動來修復外在與內在創傷。不過同時Camille也拋出一個問題給觀賞者：戰鬥後所留下的傷痕，是否能夠作為紓緩與重建未來的動力、抑或只是留下傷痕累累的身體？就像在廢墟裡的藝術，她把答案留給觀賞者，預留無限想像的自由。

Camille Cier's website http://www.camillecier.com/

後記：

為台灣義築協會寫的第一篇，我選擇介紹Camille Cier。我喜歡她的作品中的衝勁、有著一股黑暗背後的溫柔，跟見到她本人的印象一樣，瘦瘦的法國女人卻熱愛拳擊，存在著矛盾卻又如此和諧。當她談著底特律的孩子們、談著拳擊就像跳舞、談著創作論述，可以輕易感受到她的熱情跟感動。我回憶起在義築的工作時，跟著人和國小的孩子們、跟著呂家賢老師一起做著一個很美的夢，大概也是這樣的感覺。不顧結果如何、一直往前衝的熱血，我們其實並不期待十全十美的未來，就算傷痕依然在，能夠復原多少就算多少吧！

Community Building behind the camera: D-3 by French photography Camille Cier

As a humanity organisation, the understanding of mankind is one of our responsibility when the architectural aspect has already stable development. We estimate AHA as a factor to motivate the community in remote tribe. And Camille Cier, a french photographer-artist, had recorded an experience in USA to show her point of view.

We can find out that Camille Cier likes to take photos in deserted spaces. She likes the oldness, the material and the history behind the breaking walls. For her, there is a liberty because we don’t give hope in this kind of space.

Camille spent four years in USA when she had a low tide in live. She arrived in Detroit and found out that the city of bankruptcy is like a wound, like herself. Suffering of the economic issue, Detroit still vibrates with her power of population and toward her head to the future. Camille found a boxing gym out of her passion of boxing. The group was founded by Khali, an ex-chef of gang, who wanted to do something to keep children away from gang after he left prison. He used the boxing technique which he learned on the street to catch young people’s attention. Supported by the private companies, the boxing class after school is free, so now there are 80 students and more children are in waiting list. Khali, as a boxing coach, also invites parents to enjoy their class in the goal of enhancing all the community.

For Camille, how Detroit recovered from the crisis is an example for the economy situation around the world. The city, the boxing gym and herself are all in the process of recovery. In her photos, she invited her father who is a doctor to use a gesture of operation, expressing pain and scar. Boxing represents an image of violence, but it’s also like a dance between people, a powerful movement of the city. In the end, she left a question for the viewer, is the gestion positive or negative? Will the scar from the fight become a motive, or it will always be a scar on the skin? Like in the deserted spaces, we have all the liberty to consider.

I was catched immediately by the softness inside when I saw the series of photo. In the work of AHA, I remember when we worked with inhabitants in the construction, we were all participating in the dream-making without wondering what the result will be. Passion is an abstract concept that cannot be told or written. But it can be very infective and stimulate something inside our mind if we have the similar experience. I think the power of image is strong enough to let you feel the vibration of heart.

義築海外連線作者介紹 |

黃致禎，義築好夥伴，分別參與過2010羅羅谷部落迷你閱讀書屋及2012都歷故事亭的義築行動，

現居巴黎，就讀於Ecole nationale Superieure d'Architecture de Paris Belleville。

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